An individual might suffer from mild, severe, moderate or
profound hearing loss, which might affect one or both ears. A hearing loss
which is greater than 40 decibels in adults, and more than 30 decibels in
children, is referred to as disabling hearing loss.
Statistical Information
Men exhibit a higher propensity to suffer from hearing loss,
compared to women. (Clarke, JW, & Blackwell,
2012). Around 15% of the American adults, who are aged 18 and above;
report trouble in hearing, according to the statistics reported by the National
Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD).
Also, around 2 to 3 children out of every 1000 babies born
in the U.S., suffer from hearing loss which is detectable. According to a
research conducted by the NIDCD, around 15% of the Americans who lie in the age
bracket of 20 to 69, suffer from a high frequency of hearing loss, which is
caused by exposure to noise at work or during other activities.
Furthermore, according to a survey study conducted by the
NIDCD, around 2% of the adults who are aged from 45 to 54 are reported to have
a disabling hearing loss. This rate for the occurrence of hearing loss is seen
to elevate to 8.5% in adults who are aged between 55 and 64. The study also
revealed alarming statistics that around 25% of individuals aged from 65 to 74,
and 50% of those aged 75 or older, had reported suffering from hearing
loss. (National
Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), 2015)
Basis For Measuring Hearing Loss
Hearing loss might be caused due to hereditary factors,
medical negligence, delay or lack of timely treatment, complications at time of
birth, and contraction of a severe disease at an early stage in life.
Hearing loss is calculated based on the decibels which are
audible to an individual. This congenital abnormality is assessed through a set
of audiologic tests, which include acoustic admittance measurement tests,
hearing history, and other physiological and behavioral procedures.
Sophisticated testing procedures like auditory brainstem
response, Otoacoustic emissions, behavioral observation audiometry, speech and
conditioned audiometry and visual reinforcement audiometry are used to
determine the level of hearing loss in an individual. The tests are conducted
based on the age of the patient. (Shamesh)
The basis for measuring the degree of severity of hearing
loss is:
HEARING
LOSS SEVERITY LEVEL
|
DECIBEL
THRESHOLD
|
Normal
|
From -10 to 15 decibels
|
Mild
|
26 to 40 decibels
|
Moderate
|
41 to 55 decibels
|
Severe
|
71 to 90 decibels
|
Profound
|
Greater than 90 decibels
|
Demographic Studies
The traditional nuclear income family dynamics are changing
in the industry, with both parents working full time, and leaving the children
in day care or with relatives. Divorce rate in the country has also risen to
50%, and the changing family structural dynamics are reported to have a great
impact on the work of auditory professionals, who identify, diagnose and treat
hearing loss in children and adults.
Low income families have children that are more vulnerable
to suffering from hearing impairment, due to the lack of proper and timely
medical care. (Rhodes & Perigoe)
These families also often lack the resources to provide their children with the
required medical care and treatment needed for improvement.
Amongst the minority groups within the country, the number
of children reported with a rising percentage of hearing loss cases has been
highest in the Spanish community. 11.5% of the total households, which were
identified with cases of children suffering from hearing loss, belonged to
Spanish families. (Rhodes & Perigoe)
Certain ethnic groups are also identified with a higher
number of hearing loss cases, which is attributed to consanguineous marriages. (Rhodes & Perigoe) Around 49% of
individuals diagnosed with hearing loss belonged to different ethnic groups,
out of which 15.4% are African American, 4.3% are Asian Americans and 24.5%
Hispanic American. (Rhodes & Perigoe)
Over the years, there has been a rising trend observed in
the number of reported cases for hearing loss, all across the country, which is
seen as a major cause for concern by experts.
This article is written by: Dr. Lori Trentacoste, head audiologist at Island Better Hearing (www.islandbetterhearing.com) All images and content in this article are the sole property of the LIAHP and Dr. Trentacoste (c) 2015, All rights reserved. Use of this article or any content references from this article and/or other written products in this blogsite must be done with express permission from Dr. Lori Trentacoste.
References
Clarke, T., JW, L., &
Blackwell, D. (2012). Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults:National
Health Interview Survey 2012. National Centre for Health Statistics.
National Institute on
Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD). (2015, April 20th). Quick
Statistics. Retrieved April 2015, from National Institute on Deafness and
other Communication Disorders (NIDCD):
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/statistics/Pages/quick.aspx
Rhodes, E. A., &
Perigoe, C. The Changing American Family and Ethnically Diverse Children
with Hearing Loss and Multiple Needs. Listening and Spoken Language
Knowledge Centre. http://www.listeningandspokenlanguage.org/document.aspx?id=467
Shamesh, R. Hearing
Impairments:Definitions, Assessments and Management. http://cirrie.buffalo.edu/encyclopedia/en/article/272/
World Health Organization
. (2015, March). Deafness and Hearing Loss. Retrieved April 2015, from
World Health Organization (WHO):
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/
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